Wisconsin Custom Rate Guide (.pdf)

Nutrient Management Resources

Bedding Use AU/day (1000 lb animal)	Chopped Straw	Shavings	Sand	cubic ft / day
Freestall	2.7 lb	3.1 lb	20-30 lb	.3 cu ft sand or .2 cu ft straw
Tie Stall	12 lb	—	—	1.4 cu ft
Bedded Pack	11.0 lb	—	—	.8 cu ft chopped 1.9 long stra

• Restriction Mapping Resources
• UW Nutrient Management Website
• SNAP Plus – Wisconsin’s NM Software

Crops

• Wisconsin Crop Monitor
• Weekly Pest Updates with Wisconsin Pest Bulletin
• Pesticide Applicator Training
  • Call 627-6236 to arrange or attend a test for private applicators
• Vegetable Disease & Forecasting  at the UW Vegetable Pathology Website

Soils Information & Farm Maps

• UW Soil & Forage Lab
• Web Based Soil Survey
• Langlade Map Viewer (has soils layer)

Area Climate Information for Crops and Pest Management

• Antigo Weather Station Summary
  • Historical weather data for Antigo
• General Climate Data for Langlade County, Wisconsin
• Reviewed Climate Data from NOAA
• Antigo Growing Degree Day (GDD) Summary – from 1971-2000 Data

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD) and how are they calculated?

Growing degree-days are a temperature-derived index representative of the amount of heat that the plants are exposed to, which in turn is directly related to the rate of growth and development of the plant. GDD are calculated several ways, so it is important to make sure GDD are calculated using the same formula that was used to establish the relationship you will use to harvest alfalfa. For instance, different base temperatures are used for different crops, and corn uses a different method of calculation entirely. Alfalfa GDD used for recommendations in this article are calculated by averaging the maximum and minimum temperature (° F) for a given day (24-h period) then subtracting the base temperature of 41°F to get the number of GDDs for that day. Daily GDD for days with an average temperature less than 41°F are set equal to 0. Finally, a seasonal total is then obtained by summing the daily growing degrees from March 1st through the current day.

BASE TEMPERATURE CROP 40°F wheat, barley, rye, oats, flaxseed, lettuce, asparagus 45°F sunflower, potato 50°F sweet corn, corn, sorghum, rice, soybeans, tomato BASE TEMPERATURE INSECT 44°F Corn Rootworm 48°F Alfalfa Weevil 50°F Black Cutworm, European Corn Borer 52°F Green Cloverworm

Modified Growing Degree DaysModified Growing Degree Days are similar to Growing Degree Days with several temperature adjustments. If the high temperature is above 86°F, it is reset to 86°F. If the low is below 50°F, it is reset to 50°F. Once the high / low temperatures have been modified (if needed), the average temperature for the day is computed and compared with a base temperature, which is usually 50°F. Modified Growing Degree Days are typically used to monitor the development of corn, the assumption being that development is limited once the temperature exceeds 86°F or falls below 50°F. For example, if the high for the day was 92°F and the low 68°F, the average for use in the modified GDD calculation would be 86 + 68 = 154 / 2 = 77.